Proyectos

La sexualidad según la OMS, (OMS, 2018) es definida como un aspecto central del ser humano, dentro de las dimensiones que abarca se encuentra, la reproducción, placer y/o erotismo, vínculos afectivos y género, a parte del carácter inherente al ser humano, se destaca que se encuentra presente durante toda la vida, por esta razón se considera necesario que las estrategias para erradicar brechas de género deben iniciarse en los primeros años de vida. Hasta aquí la mayor parte de los estudios de la temática se relacionan con población de adolescentes y/o con la visión de cuidadores/as poseen del desarrollo sexual afectivo de sus niños, niñas y niñes, sin embargo, existe incertidumbre en relación a lo que saben actualmente niños, niñas y niñes en relación a sexualidad y cuales han sido sus principales fuentes de información. En este contexto, se pretende diseñar una propuesta de educación sexual integral en niños, niñas y niñes de 4 y 5.

La sexualidad según la OMS, (OMS, 2018) es definida como un aspecto central del ser humano, dentro de las dimensiones que abarca se encuentra, la reproducción, placer y/o erotismo, vínculos afectivos y género, a parte del carácter inherente al ser humano, se destaca que se encuentra presente durante toda la vida, por esta razón se considera necesario que las estrategias para erradicar brechas de género deben iniciarse en los primeros años de vida. Hasta aquí la mayor parte de los estudios de la temática se relacionan con población de adolescentes y/o con la visión de cuidadores/as poseen del desarrollo sexual afectivo de sus niños, niñas y niñes, sin embargo, existe incertidumbre en relación a lo que saben actualmente niños, niñas y niñes en relación a sexualidad y cuales han sido sus principales fuentes de información. En este contexto, se pretende diseñar una propuesta de educación sexual integral en niños, niñas y niñes de 4 y 5.

The environment can be described as indispensable as it houses all life on earth, and evidence suggests that activities in interaction with nature not only provide physical and psychological benefits but also socially and economically. Nonetheless, we are currently confronted with many environmental challenges, including climate change, loss of biodiversity and degradation of natural habitats, which have adverse health outcomes for animals, humans and our shared environment. Furthermore, regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, additional threats have emerged such as an increase in the use and disposal of plastic products for medical and non-medical applications and the amount of packaging used to deliver food and groceries to residences, leading to significant challenges in handling solid and hazardous medical wastes. This could become a crucial concern in the medium or long term, whilst aggravating the already existing issues, especially in countries with inadequate waste management systems. Recognizing this, environmental education has become more relevant than ever in ensuring a sustainable future by promoting responsible decision-making at the individual, institutional and community levels. The strengthening of environmental literacy through formal and informal educational strategies at different stages of the life course, considering day-to-day situations, will eventually allow for the development of capacities in the population, thereby conserving our shared environment. Project aim: The project's main objective, therefore, is to empower the community for environmental care through educational strategies based on local needs in Guatemala and Bolivia. This is to be achieved using a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach by forming a multidisciplinary and intersectoral working group that includes professionals from the academy and representatives from diverse sectors like education, work, transportation, legislators and civil society. The project also follows a spiral approach, focusing on a problem and continuing with planning, action, observation and critical reflection, giving rise to a new progressive cycle. To better disseminate the project and population adherence, a digital platform app is to be designed to make available all the education material and specific guides that support this process. Ultimately, creating awareness and educating, based on evidence, about our actions' impact will allow a better co-existence and promote sustainable development, sustainable use and care of natural resources when considering practices in rural and urban communities

Stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponini) play a substantial role in the ecology, economy, and culture of many communities, especially in South America. They act as the main pollinators for many native florae and cultivated tropical plants. Their products such as honey, pollen, propolis and cerumen have also been used as a source of income for generations while creating an imprint on the culture of native communities. Nevertheless, in recent decades, stingless bees currently face several environmental threats including the extensive deforestation of native forests, accelerated expansion of urban areas, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers, agriculture intensification and the introduction/spread of exotic competing bee species. In this context, meliponiculture – i.e., keeping stingless bees for their products – is becoming more important for research not only as an optimal strategy for the conservation of bees and their environment but also for their economic value. In general, meliponiculture also promotes a variety of good environmental practices from different viewpoints in the society, maintains the traditional knowledge of native beekeeping and generates a link with innovation and scientific development. In Bolivia, meliponiculture remains an incipient activity although many indigenous communities have an ancient relationship with stingless bees. In Guatemala, the Maya tribe have also practiced meliponiculture for many years. Nevertheless, traditional knowledge is getting lost over time which must be recovered and supported by new techniques to generate a successful practice of beekeeping. Project aim: Considering this, the project, therefore, aims to optimize the sustainable development of meliponiculture. This is to be achieved by documenting its traditional use in health while promoting good practices and commercialization to have a positive, direct impact over ecosystems as well as human health in cultural landscapes in indigenous communities in Bolivia and Guatemala. For this, an interdisciplinary methodology is to be designed, which consists of a research component and educational interventions at the various processes of the production chain of meliponiculture: from the producers to consumers. Ultimately, the SBEES project is relevant, taking into account the One Health vision, as it seeks to promote a sustainable interaction between stingless bees, humans and the environment.

El presente proyecto pretende continuar y ampliar este ejercicio de desarrollo de habilidades de investigación a partir de la participación en el proyecto de investigación. Específicamente, se buscará replicar el ejercicio, pero esta vez en el marco de un proceso de evaluación del mismo. A su vez, se pretende extender el ejercicio para considerar también a estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales e Historia. De esta forma, el proyecto busca explorar la relevancia de esta experiencia, durante su desarrollo en el año académico 2021, como una estrategia de enseñanza-aprendizaje relevante en el proceso formativo.

The School Integration Program (PIE) is one of the most critical educational inclusion policies in Chile. PIE is a form of special subsidy to schools, using as criteria temporary and permanent special educational needs. It is found throughout the national territory, considered successful at the implementation level and in the integration of new support professionals. However, it has received criticism such as the low relationship with concepts such as school effectiveness, the individualization, and stigmatization of program users by focusing on deficits and not so much on barriers and facilitators of inclusion, as well as the low access and participation of students with disabilities. Furthermore, few studies list children participating in PIE as primary informants. The present study seeks to know and analyze boys' and girls' daily experiences with disabilities in various areas of the national territory. The conceptual framework is the social studies on disability to understand the experience of children with disabilities in a social context that can be both beneficial and detrimental to their school inclusion. The other reference for the project is the new social studies of childhood while promoting that children are valid informants of their realities. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the perspectives of children in situations of motor and sensory disability participating in the PIE about the barriers and facilitators for inclusion in their daily school experiences, as well as the influence that PIE has had on their school lives. Methodology: it is a qualitative study of an analytical nature to be carried out in 5 macro zones of the national territory for three years, through specially designed narrative interviews with 31 children with motor and sensory disabilities, including interviews with the PIE coordinators of their schools. Expected results: The project hopes to generate knowledge about PIE and disability as a special educational need, based on the experience of children with disabilities, to account for their specific experiences and needs, and possible solutions to the barriers presented. It also seeks to generate specific methodological knowledge to collect data with children with disabilities. It is a transdisciplinary project in that disability is a phenomenon that must be studied from different fields; therefore, an educational psychologist, a social psychologist, an educator, and a kinesiologist are included in the researchers' team.