Proyectos

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]Objetivo General: Evaluar la presencia de pesticidas en tejidos vegetales y su potencial transferencia por ingesta de alimentos a jóvenes que habitan en la región de O'Higgins[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]Objetivo General: Evaluar la presencia de pesticidas en tejidos vegetales y su potencial transferencia por ingesta de alimentos a jóvenes que habitan en la región de O'Higgins[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]Objetivo General: Evaluar la presencia de pesticidas en tejidos vegetales y su potencial transferencia por ingesta de alimentos a jóvenes que habitan en la región de O'Higgins[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]Objetivo General: Evaluar la presencia de pesticidas en tejidos vegetales y su potencial transferencia por ingesta de alimentos a jóvenes que habitan en la región de O'Higgins[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]Centro de investigación para el estudio de loas fuentes de la dinámica del carbono orgánico en los ecosistemas acuáticos naturales.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]El programa PACE representa una de las políticas más importantes y masivas de apertura del acceso universitario en el país. Debido a que es una política reciente, se conoce muy poco sobre las competencias y prácticas letradas académicas de los estudiantes y sobre las estrategias institucionales de preparación y acompañamiento para este u otros grupos similares. El presente proyecto busca aportar datos empíricos acerca del desempeño y desarrollo como escritores de estos estudiantes en los primeros años de su trayectoria universitaria en tres universidades con perfiles institucionales diferentes. Por un lado, se espera elaborar una descripción exhaustiva de su perfil de escritores desde una perspectiva de reivindicación de sus conocimientos, prácticas y experiencias previas. Por otro, se busca contribuir al mejoramiento de la política pública por medio de la identificación de las necesidades, las instancias de apoyo formales e informales que experimentan y el desarrollo de su escritura académica una vez dentro de la universidad. Para el logro de este propósito i) se describirán las prácticas y conocimientos letrados previos, tanto académicos como vernáculos de estudiantes del Programa PACE, ii) se describirán las trayectorias de formación en escritura académica de estudiantes del Programa PACE de diferentes universidades chilenas, desde su ingreso a la educación superior hasta mediados del segundo año y iii) se identificarán las oportunidades, los logros y las dificultades de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la escritura académica. Los resultados de estas tres dimensiones se compararán 3 en tres universidades del CRUCH con tres perfiles distintos que han implementado el Programa PACE. El estudio se organiza en tres fases de recogida de datos con diferentes instrumentos: cuestionario web a funcionarios PACE; entrevistas inicial y de seguimiento; encuestas; y fuentes textuales (materiales de los cursos y textos escritos por los estudiantes). Estos datos son analizados con codificación abierta emergente y triangulados. Además, se construyen historias de literacidad.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""][/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""][/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

As a scientist in Chile, I have been focused on understanding the mechanisms underlying fetal vascular dysfunction associated with altered fetal growth with a special interest in impaired fetal growth and epigenetic regulation. Fetal growth restriction (FGR), commonly defined by a weight below the 10th percentile is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality with an incidence of 3 to 10% of all live births1, 2. Therefore, FGR remains at the forefront of basic science and clinical investigation, as it poses a significant problem on every nation’s wealth and health. Adverse conditions in complicated pregnancy known to induce FGR include reductions in fetal oxygenation or chronic fetal hypoxia3. Several studies in humans have established that high altitude pregnancy reduces fetal growth 4-6. Further, several studies in mammalian animal models of hypoxic pregnancy have also reported a significant effect in slowing fetal growth7. However, since most high altitude populations are also impoverished with a high prevalence of maternal undernutrition and since hypoxic exposure of mammalian animals during pregnancy can reduce maternal food intake7, the partial contributions of fetal under-nutrition versus fetal under-oxygenation in promoting FGR remain uncertain. The Giussani group at the University of Cambridge have combined the chick embryo model with hypoxic incubation to isolate the direct effects of chronic fetal hypoxia in promoting FGR. This group has shown that incubation at high altitude of fertilized eggs laid by sea level hens leads to FGR. Conversely, incubation at sea level of fertilized eggs laid by high altitude hens that normally show FGR completely recovered fetal growth. Importantly, incubation at high altitude of fertilized eggs laid by sea level with oxygen supplementation also prevented FGR8. Recent studies by the Cambridge group have also reported that isobaric rather than hypobaric chronic fetal hypoxia also leads to FGR in the chick embryo9. Further, they have reported that FGR as a result of isolated chronic fetal hypoxia is associated with significant oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in fetal peripheral circulations. Treatment of chick embryos during hypoxic incubation with the antioxidant melatonin rescued the endothelial dysfunction in peripheral circulations by the end of the incubation period. The mechanisms involved included reduced oxidative stress, enhanced antioxidant capacity, restored vascular endothelial growth factor expression and increased NO bioavailability9. Combined, therefore, studies by the Cambridge group have isolated a direct effect of hypoxia in promoting FGR and fetal endothelial dysfunction independent of effects at the level of the placenta or the mother and suggest that antioxidant therapy may also have a direct protective effect on the fetus. These findings are of particular interest to me because my research group in Chile has recently established a guinea pig experimental model of FGR. This is by progressive bilateral occlusion of the uterine arteries during the second half of gestation that gradually increases placental vascular resistance10, 11. Using this guinea pig model, we have recently shown that FGR induces epigenetic programming of eNOS expression in the fetal endothelium, which is prevented by a maternal treatment with N-acetylcysteine11. However, whether the effects of increased placental vascular resistance on the fetal epigenetic programming of eNOS expression is due to fetal under-nutrition versus fetal under-oxygenation in this model of FGR again remains uncertain. Therefore, the aim of my research proposal is to use the Cambridge chick embryo model of FGR as a result of hypoxic incubation to isolate the direct effects of chronic fetal hypoxia on epigenetic regulation promoting fetal vascular dysfunction. This would be the first step to enable better identification of potential targets for clinical intervention designed to protect the developing fetal circulation in pregnancy complicated by FGR and chronic fetal hypoxia.

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]As a scientist in Chile, I have been focused on understanding the mechanisms underlying fetal vascular dysfunction associated with altered fetal growth with a special interest in impaired fetal growth and epigenetic regulation. Fetal growth restriction (FGR), commonly defined by a weight below the 10th percentile is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality with an incidence of 3 to 10% of all live births1, 2. Therefore, FGR remains at the forefront of basic science and clinical investigation, as it poses a significant problem on every nation’s wealth and health. Adverse conditions in complicated pregnancy known to induce FGR include reductions in fetal oxygenation or chronic fetal hypoxia3. Several studies in humans have established that high altitude pregnancy reduces fetal growth 4-6. Further, several studies in mammalian animal models of hypoxic pregnancy have also reported a significant effect in slowing fetal growth7. However, since most high altitude populations are also impoverished with a high prevalence of maternal undernutrition and since hypoxic exposure of mammalian animals during pregnancy can reduce maternal food intake7, the partial contributions of fetal under-nutrition versus fetal under-oxygenation in promoting FGR remain uncertain. The Giussani group at the University of Cambridge have combined the chick embryo model with hypoxic incubation to isolate the direct effects of chronic fetal hypoxia in promoting FGR. This group has shown that incubation at high altitude of fertilized eggs laid by sea level hens leads to FGR. Conversely, incubation at sea level of fertilized eggs laid by high altitude hens that normally show FGR completely recovered fetal growth. Importantly, incubation at high altitude of fertilized eggs laid by sea level with oxygen supplementation also prevented FGR8. Recent studies by the Cambridge group have also reported that isobaric rather than hypobaric chronic fetal hypoxia also leads to FGR in the chick embryo9. Further, they have reported that FGR as a result of isolated chronic fetal hypoxia is associated with significant oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in fetal peripheral circulations. Treatment of chick embryos during hypoxic incubation with the antioxidant melatonin rescued the endothelial dysfunction in peripheral circulations by the end of the incubation period. The mechanisms involved included reduced oxidative stress, enhanced antioxidant capacity, restored vascular endothelial growth factor expression and increased NO bioavailability9. Combined, therefore, studies by the Cambridge group have isolated a direct effect of hypoxia in promoting FGR and fetal endothelial dysfunction independent of effects at the level of the placenta or the mother and suggest that antioxidant therapy may also have a direct protective effect on the fetus. These findings are of particular interest to me because my research group in Chile has recently established a guinea pig experimental model of FGR. This is by progressive bilateral occlusion of the uterine arteries during the second half of gestation that gradually increases placental vascular resistance10, 11. Using this guinea pig model, we have recently shown that FGR induces epigenetic programming of eNOS expression in the fetal endothelium, which is prevented by a maternal treatment with N-acetylcysteine11. However, whether the effects of increased placental vascular resistance on the fetal epigenetic programming of eNOS expression is due to fetal under-nutrition versus fetal under-oxygenation in this model of FGR again remains uncertain. Therefore, the aim of my research proposal is to use the Cambridge chick embryo model of FGR as a result of hypoxic incubation to isolate the direct effects of chronic fetal hypoxia on epigenetic regulation promoting fetal vascular dysfunction. This would be the first step to enable better identification of potential targets for clinical intervention designed to protect the developing fetal circulation in pregnancy complicated by FGR and chronic fetal hypoxia.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]