Proyectos

Los conflictos militares no resueltos y las desigualdades persistentes entre países desarrollados y menos desarrollados hacen de la migración un tema prioritario en las agendas públicas y políticas globales. Los medios de comunicación han fomentado la percepción de la migración como crisis, a menudo presentándola como un problema (Stefoni el al., 2023). La representación de la migración como un problema es prominente en los medios, influenciando la opinión pública y generando actitudes negativas hacia los inmigrantes. Sin embargo, existe poca evidencia sistemática sobre cómo el Gobierno chileno representa la migración a nivel oficial. Este proyecto analiza cómo los medios influencian las percepciones públicas sobre la migración en Chile, centrándose en el Servicio Nacional de Migraciones. Particularmente, se investiga la forma en que el Gobierno chileno comunica informaciones relativas a los inmigrantes durante el mandato de Gabriel Boric (2022-2024), desde su cuenta oficial de Instagram, enfocándose en la configuración de la agenda y el encuadre mediático. Es por ello por lo que el objetivo principal es analizar los encuadres mediáticos sobre inmigración en la cuenta oficial de Instagram del Servicio Nacional de Migraciones durante el gobierno de Gabriel Boric. Los objetivos específicos son: Identificar los encuadres mediáticos más prominentes sobre inmigración en Instagram del Servicio Nacional de Migraciones. Analizar cómo se construye discursivamente la migración en dicha plataforma. El estudio utilizará la herramienta Crowtangle para recolectar publicaciones de Instagram del Servicio Nacional de Migraciones, de marzo 2022 a marzo 2024. Se realizará un análisis de contenido cualitativo manual utilizando el software Atlas.Ti. Se identificarán palabras clave, imágenes y otros elementos significativos para evaluar cómo se enmarcan los temas inmigratorios. Adicionalmente, se utilizará el Enfoque Histórico-Discursivo para evaluar la construcción discursiva de las publicaciones, complementando con taxonomías de representación de actores sociales y análisis de hashtags. Esta metodología mixta ayudará a revelar patrones en la manera en que el Gobierno chileno comunica la migración y cómo influye en las actitudes públicas hacia este fenómeno.

The rapid increase in immigration and the presence of different Indigenous peoples in the country have resulted in culturally diverse classrooms in Chile. Cultural differences are significant for communication (Otten & Geppert, 2009) and teaching processes (Liddicoat & Scarino, 2013). Hence, intercultural interactions correspond to embodied culture discourses (Carbaugh, 2017; Shi-xu, 2023), which entail the communication practices that take place at institutional levels (i.e., top-down) and language classrooms (i.e., bottom-up). However, some tensions have been identified in these processes, particularly because they seem to maintain cultural and linguistic hierarchies that do not necessarily promote the social mobility or acceptance of minoritized groups (Flores & Rosa, 2015; Unamuno, 2016; Zavala, 2017). Against this backdrop, discursive practices are at the core of how these raciolinguistic hierarchies are maintained, negotiated, and/or challenged by educational communities. Consequently, the main objective of this research proposal is to examine how language and interculturality are discursively conceptualized and implemented in culturally diverse Chilean schools, specifically within three language subjects: Spanish, Ancestral Languages, and English as a Foreign Language. This objective is articulated through the following research question: How are language and interculturality discursively conceptualized and implemented in culturally diverse Chilean schools across the subjects of Spanish, Ancestral Languages, and English as a Foreign Language? To address this question, the project outlines four specific objectives (SOs): SO1) To examine how interculturality is discursively constructed in educational policies and the national curriculum on language subjects (i.e., Spanish, Ancestral Languages, and English as a Foreign Language); SO2) To assess how language teachers understand and implement intercultural practices in Chile, highlighting areas of convergence and divergence; SO3) To analyze how school communities discursively construct interculturality on their schoolscapes; and SO4) To analyze how language teachers’ actions and decisions address interculturality in the language classroom. The proposed research is a mixed-methods study (Creswell & Plano, 2018). First, we will analyze a corpus of institutional pedagogical discourses to examine how interculturality is discursively constructed in educational policies and the national curriculum (SO1). To this end, the data will be examined from a Corpus-Assisted Approach to Discourse Studies (CADS) (Partington et al., 2013) following the guidelines proposed by Jaworska and Kinloch (2018, p. 116) for a thorough and systematic examination of multiple datasets in CADS. The first quantitative stage considers the analysis of frequency, concordance lines, collocations, and keywords. The second qualitative stage is informed by Bacchi's (2012) model, What's the Problem Represented to be? (or WPR) and the Discourse-Historical Approach (Reisigl, 2017; Reisigl & Wodak, 2016). Second, we will conduct a questionnaire to identify how language teachers understand interculturality and intercultural practices in their classrooms (SO2). The sampling considers a disproportionate stratification to enable similar sample sizes for Spanish and EFL teachers, and Traditional Educators, ensuring the representation of Traditional Educators, who are the smallest population (CEM Mineduc, 2024). Third, we will analyze how school communities discursively construct interculturality on their school grounds (SO3) through the examination of schoolscapes (Gorter & Cenoz, 2015). To this end, three schools across three regions will be selected (i.e., Tarapacá, Metropolitan, and Araucanía) to ensure geographic representativeness. The data will be analyzed in light of Ledin and Machin’s multimodality framework (2017, 2018, 2019) as it incorporates the materiality of the semiotic signs, the ideologies and beliefs behind the creation of multimodal texts, and the recontextualization of social actors and practices (van Leeuwen, 2008). Finally, we analyze the actions and decisions language teachers take to address interculturality in the language classroom (SO4) through classroom observation (minimum 48 pedagogical hours in total; four hours per language subject) in the same schools. These observations will be analyzed using the synopsis technique (Dolz et al., 2018; Schneuwly & Dolz, 2009), which allows us to both hierarchize central pedagogical sequences and examine teachers' actions and students' reactions in detail. In turn, it enables data reduction and serves as heuristic support for analysis. Expected results seek to enlighten how educators co-create language and interculturality in culturally diverse schools. It examines how these social actors recontextualize and mediate top-down policies to their daily realities, thus illuminating the negotiation and resemiotization of hegemonic understandings of interculturality in line with the needs of their own communities (bottom-up practices).

Objetivo general: Examinar los procesos de convivencia intercultural y describir los discursos y prácticas escolares sobre la producción de diferencias étnicas y migrantes en dos escuelas secundarias chilenas diversas en la Región de O'Higgins y en la Región Atacama.

The general objective of the Center is to support the transformation of education in Chile. It aims to collaborate with institutions in Latin America and the Caribbean to address significant challenges in the present and future. These challenges include reducing gaps in fundamental learning, strengthening the quality of public education, developing innovative and effective school practices, and addressing critical issues such as the educational impacts of the pandemic, the climate crisis, and the rapid integration of advanced technologies, including the transformative emergence of artificial intelligence to assist educators. The Center will promote collaboration with national and international educational organizations and schools to engage in scientific research of excellence, knowledge transfer, technological solutions, and training of skilled professionals. In doing so, it seeks to drive meaningful and sustainable changes in the education system, contributing to a more equitable and inclusive future.

www.pensamientoalgebraico.es

El Núcleo Milenio para el Estudio del Desarrollo de las Habilidades Matemáticas Tempranas (MEMAT) busca comprender el desarrollo matemático temprano y promover el aprendizaje matemático para todos los niños y niñas. Buscamos comprender cómo las experiencias matemáticas de los niños y niñas -en múltiples contextos- contribuyen a oportunidades equitativas de aprendizaje, y entender los mecanismos que aseguran trayectorias matemáticas exitosas en el futuro, con foco en las brechas de género y NSE.

REDES 2014 (proyecto REDES140104) Understanding the relevance of human agency for educational research, policy and practice. Cargo: Investigadora (Investigadora responsable: Carolina Holtheuer, UChile). Enero 2015 – marzo 2016